Law of Perfect gases:
A perfect gas (or a ideal gas) may be defined as a state of a substance, whose evaporation from its liquid state is complete (means liquid is completely converted into gas). It may be noted that if its evaporation is partial, the substance is called vapour. A vapour contains some particles of liquid in suspension. The behavior of super heated vapours is similar to that of a perfect gas.
The physical properties of a gas are controlled by the following three variables:
- Pressure exerted by the gas
- Volume occupied by the gas
- Temperature of the gas
The behavior of a perfect gas, undergoing any change in these three variables, is governed by the following laws:
1.Boyle's law: This law was formulated by Robert Boyle in 1662. It states, "The absolute pressure of a given mass of a perfect gas varies inversely as its volume, when the temperature remains constant". mathematically .i.e, Pressure is inversely proportional to volume.
2.Charles law: This law was formulated by a Frenchman Jacques A.C. Charles in about 1787. It states that volume is directly proportional to temperature.
3.Gay-Lussac law: This law states that Pressure is directly proportional to temperature.
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